In the absence of truth, misinformation becomes harmful: Nepal’s experience shows why fact-checking matters in crises

In the absence of truth, misinformation becomes harmful: Nepal’s experience shows why fact-checking matters in crises

On the evening of September 8, 2025, Nepal faced a devastating earthquake that left thousands of people homeless and caused widespread panic. The tremor, with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale, struck the densely populated Kathmandu Valley, where the capital city of Kathmandu is located. The immediate aftermath was chaotic, with people rushing to escape the collapsing buildings and roads filled with debris. In such a crisis, information is crucial for both the affected population and the relief organizations. However, the absence of truth and the proliferation of misinformation during this disaster highlighted the critical role of fact-checking in times of emergency.

As the earthquake struck, social media and traditional media outlets were flooded with conflicting reports. Some claimed that the earthquake was a nuclear attack, while others suggested that it was a planned terrorist act. These false narratives spread rapidly, causing widespread fear and confusion among the already traumatized population. Many people, believing these unverified claims, panicked and fled their homes, exacerbating the humanitarian crisis. Fact-checkers and journalists played a vital role in debunking these falsehoods, providing accurate information about the earthquake's origin and severity.

The Nepalese government and relief organizations also faced challenges in disseminating accurate information. Official channels were overwhelmed, and misinformation about the availability of shelters, food, and medical aid circulated. Fact-checkers collaborated with government agencies to ensure that the information shared through official platforms was accurate and reliable. This coordination helped prevent further panic and ensured that aid reached those in need more efficiently.

Moreover, the earthquake exposed the vulnerability of Nepal's infrastructure, including its communication networks. Many areas lost access to electricity and internet connectivity, making it difficult for people to access reliable information. In such circumstances, the role of fact-checkers became even more significant. They worked tirelessly to verify and disseminate accurate information through alternative means, such as radio broadcasts and community meetings.

The Nepalese experience underscores the importance of fact-checking in crises. Misinformation can lead to unnecessary panic, hinder relief efforts, and cause physical harm. In the aftermath of the earthquake, fact-checkers and journalists were instrumental in providing the truth amidst the chaos. Their work not only helped the affected population but also ensured that relief organizations could operate effectively.

International Fact-Checking Day, held annually on April 2, is a commemoration of the work of fact-checkers worldwide. This year's event highlighted the critical role of fact-checking in times of crisis, as seen in Nepal's experience. The earthquake served as a stark reminder that in the absence of truth, misinformation can become harmful. It emphasized the need for continuous efforts to promote factual information and combat false narratives, especially during emergencies.

As the world continues to grapple with various crises, the lessons learned from Nepal's earthquake are invaluable. They remind us that fact-checking is not just about accuracy; it is about safeguarding public health, security, and the well-being of communities. In an era where information is readily available, but verifying its authenticity can be challenging, the work of fact-checkers becomes more crucial than ever. The importance of fact-checking in crises cannot be overstated, and Nepal's experience serves as a powerful testament to its significance.